How to Use Parentheses in Writing

The parenthesis is a  punctuation  mark, which is written or typed as an upright curved line. Two parentheses, ( ),  are generally paired and used to mark off explanatory or qualifying remarks in writing. Parentheses indicate an  interrupting phrase,  a word group (a statement,  question, or  exclamation) that interrupts the flow of a sentence  and can also be set off with  commas  or  dashes. The parenthesis is a type of  bracket, which when paired with another bracket—[  ]—is  used to interject text within other text. Parentheses are prevalent in mathematics, too, where they are used to set off arithmetic symbols as well as numbers, operations, and equations.   Origins of the Parenthesis The symbols themselves first showed up in the late 14th century, with scribes using  virgulae convexae  (also called  half moons) for a variety of purposes. By the end of the 16th century, the  parenthesis  (from the Latin for insert beside) had begun to assume its modern role, as Richard Mulcaster explained in Elementarie, which was published in 1582: Parenthesis is expressed by two half circles, which in writing enclose some perfit branch, as not mere impertinent, so not fullie concident to the sentence, which it breaketh, and in reading warneth us, that the words inclosed by them ar to be pronounced with a lower quikker voice, then the words either before them or after them. In her book Quoting Speech in Early English, Colette Moore notes that parentheses, like other marks of  punctuation, originally had both elocutionary  and  grammatical  functions: [W]e see that whether through vocal or  syntactic  means, the parentheses are taken as a means to downplay the significance of the material enclosed within. Spanning more than 400 years (Moores book was published in 2011), both authors say essentially the same thing: Parentheses separate text that, while important in that it adds meaning, is less significant than the text that falls outside of these punctuation marks. Purpose Parentheses allow for the insertion of some verbal unit that interrupts the normal syntactic flow of the sentence. These are called  parenthetical  elements, which may also be set off by dashes. An example of parentheses in use would be: The students (it must be acknowledged)  are a foul-mouthed bunch. The important information in this sentence is that the students are foul-mouthed. The aside adds texture to the sentence, but the statement would work fine and make sense without the parenthetical information. The Chicago Manual of Style Online explains that parentheses, which are stronger than commas or dashes, set off material from the surrounding text, adding that; Like dashes but unlike commas, parentheses can set off text that has no grammatical relationship to the rest of the sentence. The style guide gives these examples: Intelligence tests (e.g., the Stanford-Binet) are no longer widely used.Our final sample (collected under difficult conditions) contained an impurity.Wexford’s analysis (see chapter 3) is more to the point.The disagreement between Johns and Evans (its origins have been discussed elsewhere) ultimately destroyed the organization. The style manual also notes that you can use parentheses as  delimiters for letters or numbers in a list or outline, as well as in academic  uses including  parenthetical references to a list of works cited. Using Parentheses Correctly Parentheses (as with other punctuation marks) can be tricky to use until you understand a few simple rules: Adding additional information:  June Casagrande, author of The Best Punctuation Book, Period., notes that you can use parentheses to convey additional information, such as: The new sedan is fast (it goes from zero to 60 in just six seconds).The boss (who had walked in just in time to see the accident) was furious.She strolled the third  arrondissement  (district). In the first sentence, the statement,  The new sedan is fast, does not end with a period. Instead, you place the period after the parenthetical sentence (as well as the final parenthesis),  it goes from zero to 60 in just six seconds. You also start the parenthetical sentence with a lowercase letter (i) because it is still considered part of the overall sentence and not a separate statement. In the second sentence, you might argue that the parenthetical information (the fact that the boss saw an accident) is key to understanding the sentence. In the third sentence, the parenthetical word district is an English translation of the French word  arrondissement. Though the word  district  is parenthetical, it might be important in helping a non-French-speaking reader understand the sentence. Delimiters for letters or numbers in a list:  The Chicago Manual of Style says you should put parentheses around each number or letter in a list, as in these examples: Compose three sentences to illustrate analogous uses of (1)  commas, (2)  em dashes, and (3)  parentheses.For the duration of the experiment, the dieters were instructed to avoid (a)  meat, (b)  bottled drinks, (c)  packaged foods, and (d)  nicotine. In-text citations/reference information: The Chicago Manual calls them parenthetical citations, while the American Psychological Association (which sets  APA style) calls them in-text citations. These are citations placed within the text in an academic paper, journal article, or book that points the  reader to a more complete citation in the bibliography or references section. Examples, as noted by  Purdue OWL, are: According to Jones (2018), Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time (p. 199).  Jones (2018) found students often had difficulty using APA style (p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers?The study participants showed no improvement in cholesterol levels (McLellan and Frost, 2012). For these types of parenthetical citations, you generally include the year of the publication, the author(s) names, and, if needed, the page number(s). Note also that in the previous sentence, you can use parentheses around a single letter, indicating that the word number may be singular referring to a single page number, or it may be plural, referring to two or more page numbers or that there may be only a single author or several authors. Mathematical problems:  In  math,  parentheses are used to group numbers or variables, or both. When you see a math problem containing parentheses, you need to use the  order of  operations  to solve it. Take as an  example the problem:  9 - 5 à · (8 - 3) x 2 6. In this problem,  you would  calculate the operation within the parentheses first, even if it is an operation that would normally come after the other operations in the problem. Parenthetical Observations Neil Gaiman really likes parentheses. Biographer Hank Wagner quoted the British author in Prince of Stories: The Many Worlds of Neil Gaiman explaining why he is a fan of these curved punctuation marks: I admired [C.S. Lewiss] use of parenthetical statements to the reader, where he would just go talk to you. Suddenly the author would address a private aside to you, the reader. It was just you and him. Id think, Oh, my gosh, that is so cool! I want to do that! When I become an author, I want to be able to do things in parentheses. Gaimen may feel blessed when the author offers him a personal aside, but other writers say that parentheses may be a clue that the sentence is becoming contorted. As author Sarah Vowell notes in her book, Take the Cannoli: Stories From the New World, with a touch of sarcasm: I have a similar affection for the  parenthesis  (but I always take most of my parentheses out, so as not to call undue attention to the glaring fact that I cannot think in complete sentences, that I think only in short   fragments  or long,   run-on  thought relays that the literati call   stream of consciousness  but I still like to think of as disdain for the finality of the period). So take the advice of The Associated Press Stylebook. Be kind to your readers and use parentheses sparingly. Rewrite your sentence if you find you are including long asides or more than one set of parentheses. Use these punctuation marks only when you have a short, pithy, and interesting bit to convey to readers to heighten their interest—not confuse them.

POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus,...

POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror http://homeworkmonster.com/downloads/pol-201-week-5-final-paper-civil-liberties-habeas-corpus-war-terror/ POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror The final assignment for this course is a Final Paper. The purpose of the Final Paper is to give you an opportunity to apply much of what you have learned about American national government to an examination of civil liberties in the context of the war on terror. The Final Paper represents 20% of the overall course grade. Soon after the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, the Bush administration developed a plan for holding and interrogating captured prisoners. They were†¦show more content†¦Bush as well as the views of the four dissenting justices). 6. Your evaluation of various perspectives on this topic expressed by justices of the Supreme Court, leaders in other branches of government, and commentators in both the academic and popular media. Your assessment should consider several perspectives on this topic, including : a. The role of the President as commander-in-chief. b. The role of Congress in determining when habeas corpus can be â€Å"suspended.† c. The role of the Supreme Court in protecting civil liberties, including the judicial philosophy which should guide the Court in this role, and d. Your personal philosophy, values or ideology about the balance between civil liberties and national security in the context of an unending war on terror. Follow these requirements when writing the Final Paper: 1. The body of the paper (excluding the title page and reference page) must be at least 1,500 words long. 2. The paper must start with a short introductory paragraph which includes a clear thesis statement. The thesis statement must tell readers what the essay will demonstrate. 3. The paper must end with a short paragraph that states a conclusion. The conclusion and thesis must be consistent. 4. The paper must logically develop the thesis in a way that leads to the conclusion, and that development must be supported by facts, fullyShow MoreRelatedPol 201 American National Government2975 Words   |  12 PagesPOL 201 American National Government Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/pol-201-american-national-government/ Description: ( POL 201 Complete Course quizzes Included ) POL 201 Week 1 DQ 1 Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances. For much of 2011 and 2012, public dissatisfaction with Congress rose to all time highs, with 70-80% expressing disapproval with how Congress does its job. Many commentators note

Aloe Vera Extract Aloe barbadensis Free Essays

string(115) " one of the main ingredients in a number of aloe hair shampoo and conditioners, which are available in the market\." In addition, vitamin A regulates the production of retention acid, a metabolite of retinal which is needed for hair Rexroth. Carrot is an excellent source of antioxidants which help counteract the damaging effects of free radicals that cause hair loss and hair thinning problems. Lime Fruit The first fruit that comes to our minds when it comes to medicinal uses is perhaps the good old lime. We will write a custom essay sample on Aloe Vera Extract Aloe barbadensis or any similar topic only for you Order Now This sour citrus fruit can do what many specialist medicines cannot. Lime, bearing the scientific name Citrus Urination, is being used for ages for treatment of various ailments. Lime is consumed throughout the world in sorbets, beverages, refreshing drinks, pickles, Jams, Jellies, snacks, candies, sugar boiled confectioneries and culinary and the oil extracted from its peel or skin is extensively used in soft drink concentrates, body oils, cosmetics, hair oils, tooth pastes, toilet and beauty soaps, disinfectants, mouth washes, deodorants and innumerable other products. There are many varieties of lime found all over the world, particularly in the tropical and the Mediterranean climates. Lime has been used in food preparation and in other non – cooking purposes because of its flavor and tangy odor. When mixed with albumen and aloe Vera, the scent could neutralize the foul odor of the egg albumen and aloe Vera. Albumen (Egg White) The other sub-ingredient of this project is Albumen also known as egg white, is about two-thirds of the total egg’s weight out of its shell with nearly 90% of that weight coming from water. The remaining weight of the egg white comes from protein, trace minerals, fatty material, vitamins, and glucose. Egg white has no dietary cholesterol. Egg white or albumen has been used in the formulation of skincare cosmetics due to its soothing effects on the skin. Pharmaceutical companies also use albumen as one of its ingredients in the manufacture of some drugs. Except for its odor, according to old folks, egg whites have been utilized as hair stiffness in hairstyling synthetic or commercial hair sprays are not yet extensively distributed in the market. Beauty products abound in the market and based on surveys, hairstyling products constitute one of the beauty products frequently bought by consumers. Hairstyling sprays, for one, are used not only by teen aged boys and girls alike but of all ages. These hairsprays, usually from synthetic materials, tend to remove the keratin of the hair. As such, the hair loses its natural shine and becomes brittle due to long usage. Continuous application has been known to damage the hair. Extract from carrot root crops on the other hand when applied to the hair produced a known color. If it will be mixed with a stiffener it could be a potential hairstyling spray with a brownish dye. With the great emphasis on personal grooming and personal looks being advertised these days without regard to the negative effects of synthetically manufactured beauty products, the researchers thought of using extract of carrot root crops with aloe Vera extract, lime Juice and albumen as hairstyling spray, hair retirement at the same time as hair dye to serve as alternative to commercial hairstyling sprays. General Objectives 1. To find out the holding capacity of carrot root crops, aloe Vera extract, lime Juice extracts, albumen mixture as hairstyling spray to different types of hairs. . To assess the sheen produced by Aloe Vera Caroline Hairstyling Spray and Hair Treatment. 3. To evaluate the scent of the Aloe Vera Caroline Hairstyling Spray and Hair Treatment. Spray and Hair 4. To evaluate the effectiveness of Aloe Vera Caroline Hairstyling Treatment as an alternative treatment for dry and dull hair 5. Commercial hairstyling spray. Hairstyling sprays are readily available in the market and are frequently used without regard of the consequences and side effects it can have on the hair such as stiffness, dry and dull among others. At times, a combination of these commercially produced hairstyling products are applied on the hair to achieve a certain kind of look unmindful of the damage it can do to the hair. Hairstyling sprays from organic and herbal plants are not only economical but also environmentally friendly. The used of organic hairstyling spray and hair treatment as well will not only decrease health hazards experience by people using hairstyling prays but also cut the costs spent for these materials. Scope and Limitations Two hundred grams of fresh medium size carrot crops and 1 chicken egg bought from the market, five hundred grams of aloe Vera plant and 3 pieces of randomly picked lime fruit from the researcher’s backyard were used in the study. The Juice of the carrot crops, aloe Vera plant and lime were extracted and mixed with the egg albumen. The respondents were the pupils of Pascal’s Elementary School. The experiment was conducted last September 2012 at Pascal’s Elementary School with the supervision of the science teacher. A school nurse from Algae M. Pascal’s Memorial National High School and some faculty members and the school head were also present during the conduct of the experiment. The variables tested were holding capacity on any types and condition of hair, sheen, scent, as hair treatment and also cost of the hairstyling spray. Other parameters relative to the study were not included. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Aloe Vera Most of us are not aware of the fact, that aloe Vera is a miraculous plant that contains many nutrients including amino acids, minerals, enzymes, vitamins, saccharine, login. The similarity is so evident, that no other plant matches the human body’s biochemistry this closely. Aloe Vera has positive effects not only the skin, but it has also proved to be beneficial to hair. It helps heal the scalp and balances the pH levels as it cleans the pores. Aloe Vera is a natural hair conditioner and you can very well replace aloe Vera for the chemical laden conditioner, which you are currently using. Aloe Vera is one of the main ingredients in a number of aloe hair shampoo and conditioners, which are available in the market. You read "Aloe Vera Extract Aloe barbadensis" in category "Papers" It actually contains all the ingredients required for cleaning ND conditioning in the hair. When aloe Vera is used for an extended period of time, it makes the hair healthy and dense. Aloe Vera is a succulent perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It grows wild in Madagascar and large portions of the African continent. Because of its many countries in the Caribbean and Mediterranean. Many individuals also grow aloe Vera as a house plant. Aloe Vera gel is used to treat minor surface irritations, to reduce even has a reputation as a beauty aid. Various research studies are underway to explore the potential of aloe Vera components to boost immunity and combat HIVE iris, and to treat certain types of cancer (particularly leukemia). Let may even have a role to play in managing diabetes. Carrot Crops Carrot has a thick, fleshy, deeply colored root, which grows underground, and feathery green leaves that emerge above ground. It belongs to the Unbeliever family along with parsnips, fennel caraway, cumin and dill which all have the umbrella – like flower clusters that characterize this of plants. Carrots are biennial plants cultivated popularly as table vegetable. It is native to Eurasia and North Temperate Zone. During the first season of its growth, it forms a rosette of finely vided leaves and stores a surplus of food in its root, which then becomes large and fleshy. Roots are the edible parts and they vary from globular to long and tapering. The roots contain a volatile oil and fixed oil, leaves and seeds contain alkaloids and the seeds contain a bitter colloidal which is found to have soothing effects on the intestinal walls. It contains proteins, magnesium and potassium. Carotene, the orange coloring matter of the root is a good source of pro – vitamin A. Carrots was introduced in the Philippines where it grew abundantly especially in the higher altitudes of the region like Bungee. Hence, carrots are common vegetable product of the province and one of the leading farm products of the region. Eight. Eggs are protein. So you use it in your hair for strengthening it up. The protein helps prevent breaking of the hair. It’s good you used a moisturizing shampoo afterwards. Protein strengthens so you always want to use something to soften to soften it up. Blaming is the main protein found in white egg, making up 60-65% of the total protein. Blaming displays sequence and three-dimensional homology to the serpents superficial, but unlike most serpents it is not a serine protease inhibitor. The function of blaming is unknown, although it is presumed to be a storage protein. Egg white is the common name for the clear liquid (also called albumen or the glarier/ glarier) contained within the egg. It is formed from the layers of secretions of the anterior section of the hen’s oviduct during the passage of the egg. It forms around either fertilize or unfertile egg. It consists mainly of about 15% proteins dissolved in water. Its primary natural purpose is to protect the egg yolk and provide additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo, as it rich in proteins in also of high nutritional value. Unlike the egg yolk, it contains a negligible amount of fat. Cooks have many culinary and non-culinary uses for egg whites. Mousse for example. Egg white also is a viscous 10% solution of proteins and peptides and minerals in water. These proteins are highly nutritive for humans by their amino acids composition, which have been noted several decades ago. In addition, the egg albumen has unique functional properties and food systems, such as stabile foam production. Later it has been noticed that the components of the albumen possess micro-biocide’s and other new functional properties. Albumen is a water soluble rotten that coagulates when heated and found in plasma and egg whites. Albumen has been used to soothe irritated skin or skin rashes. Lime is a citrus fruit belonging to the Rue family (Reeducate). Its fruits like other acids and has a tangy flavor. The fruit Juice is tonic, rejuvenating and refresher. It is native to Southeastern Asia and has been cultivated for thousands of years. In the Philippines, lime is commonly known as adapt and is commonly planted throughout the country in the settled areas for its fruit. It makes a very pleasant aide and is extensively used for flavoring food and for drinks. A native of the Indo- Malay region, it is now cultivated in all warm regions of the world. Dependent Variable Acceptable holding capacity on the different types of hair, sheen, scent and hair treatment compared to the commercial hair spray Independent Variable Aloe Vera, Carrot Root Crops, Lime Fruit and Egg White Extract Controlled Commercial Hair Spray (Michaels Hair Spray) This chapter presents the methodology and the procedures which were employed by the researchers. It includes the locale of the study, research design, experimental lay-out and the statistical measures which were utilized in the conduct of the study. Locale and population of the study This research was conducted at Pascal’s Elementary School Home Economics Room; Buy, Duding, Tuition, Bungee. The experiment variables were 10 pairs of respondents comprised of 1 male and 1 female per pair with different types and 2 pairs of respondents comprised of 1 male and 1 female per pair suffering from dull and dry hair. Research Design Experiment was performed using the completely randomized design (CRUD). The two hundred grams of carrot root crops and one chicken egg were randomly handpicked from the market while the lime fruit and aloe Vera plant was randomly nitpicked from garden of the school. Materials To determine the effect of carrot root crop, aloe Vera extract, lime Juice extracts and albumen mixture as hairstyling sprays at the same time as hair treatment, the following laboratory materials were used by the researchers during the conduct of the experiment. Five 250 ml beakers, one sterile, four – inch kitchen knife, one plastic strainer, five pieces filter papers, one grater, one graduated cylinder, twelve test tubes, electric blender and five spray bottles. Other materials used include carrot root crops, aloe Vera plants, lime fruit, albumen and 10% zone. Procedure A. Collection of Aloe Vera, Carrot Root Crops, Lime Fruit and Egg Two hundred grams of carrot root crops and 1 egg were randomly handpicked from the market while lime fruit and aloe Vera plant was randomly handpicked from the backyard of the school. B. Cleaning, Disinfection of Aloe Vera Plant, Carrot Root Crops, Lime Fruit and Egg 1 . Five hundred grams of aloe Vera plant were placed in a small pan and soaked in water with 10 ml 10% zone solution for 1 minute. 2. Two hundred grams of carrot root crops and 1 egg were randomly handpicked were placed in a 12 inch in diameter plastic plate and soaked in water with 5 ml 10% moron solution for 1 minute. Afterwards, it was sieved and air dried under the shade. 3. Two pieces lime fruit randomly handpicked was taken and placed in a saucer washed with soap and water, and soaked in water with 5 ml 10% zone solution in a minute. Afterwards, it was sieved and air dried under shade. C. Extraction of Aloe Vera Plant, Carrot Root Crop, and Lime Fruit Juice strainer to separate the unneeded parts. The strained extract was blended in an electric blender so that it will be filled with air and become finer. How to cite Aloe Vera Extract Aloe barbadensis, Papers

Mark Twain Research Essay free essay sample

Although the books are comparable in many ways, they vary vastly. Mark Twain grew up on the Mississippi River with his parents and he was one of five children. When Mark was four years old his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri. Due to his father’s death when Mark was 12, his mother was left to raise the children on her own which caused the kids to start work at a young age. Mark’s first job was being an apprentice to a printer in his hometown. Twain then became a steam pilot on his most beloved place- the river. Mark trained with a Confederate militia for two weeks until they disbanded. He began travelling around the country reporting for newspapers, and slowly his novels began forming and becoming more and more popular. He then got married to Olivia Langdon on February 2, 1870. He and his wife had four children, only one of them lived to be married and have kids. Mark suffered from a short-term illness and died shortly after on April 21, 1910 at the age of seventy-four. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, Huckleberry Finn, go hand in hand when it comes to being two of America’s greatest novels. The beginning of Huckleberry Finn starts directly with the end of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was published in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn was published in January of 1884. Mark Twain used countless rhetorical strategies throughout his novels. He is most commonly known for his humor, sarcasm, and satire. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a story about a troublemaking boy growing up in the town of St. Petersburg, Missouri right along the Mississippi River. Tom lived with his Aunt Polly and his half-brother, Sid. From the very beginning of the book, Tom Sawyer gets in trouble for skipping school and dirtying his clothes in a fight. Aunt Polly forces Tom to whitewash the fence, and as he does this he tricks his friends into giving him small treasures to do the work. Tom was a leader of his friends. He fell in love with the new girl, Becky Thatcher. He also became friends with Huck Finn, the son of the town drunkard. Tom and Huck went on an adventure to a cemetery one night and witness Injun Joe murdering Dr. Robinson. Scared, Tom and Huck agreed to never tell a soul about what they saw. Injun Joe wrongfully blamed Muff Potter for the crime and Tom began to feel very guilty that he knew the truth. Tom, Huck, and one of their friends, Joe Harper, decided to run away to an island to become pirates. The whole town of St. Petersburg began to worry and search the river for the missing bodies. Tom conjured up the great idea to make an appearance at their funerals. Enough guilt came over Tom that he decided to testify in the murder trial against Injun Joe. Potter was found not guilty, and Joe escaped through the courtroom window. Tom began to shadow Injun Joe every night during the summer once Tom finds out that Joe plans to attack the Widow Douglas, a well-respected citizen of St. Petersburg. One night when Tom and Huck were sneaking around a haunted house, they discovered Injun Joe had a stash of gold. With their classmates, Tom and Becky go on an adventure to McDougal’s cave with their classmates. The two get lost in the cave, and people begin to search for them the next morning. Ironically, Injun Joe was using the same cave as a hideout. Tom and Becky eventually make their way to safety and Becky’s father, Judge Thatcher, locksed the cave up with Joe inside and he ended up starving to death. Awhile later, Huck goes back into the cave to fetch the gold for himself. The Widow Douglass adopted Huck Finn, but Huck tried to escape civilized life. However, Tom convinced him to stay by telling Huck that if he does he can join Tom’s robber band. Huck agreed to stay. Huckleberry Finn starts off by familiarizing the reader with events that happened in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The setting of this book is also St. Petersburg. Huck is not thrilled or excited about his new life living with Widow Douglas. He is not fond of the chores, manners, cleanliness, church or school. Huck stays respectable so he is allowed to roam around and be in Tom’s band. Everything was fine until Huck’s drunken father, Pap, returned to town wanting all of Huck’s money he received from the gold. Widow and Judge Thatcher try effortlessly to gain legal custody of Huck, but failed because the new judge in town believes it is Pap’s rights as a father to keep Huck for himself. Widow still tried to keep Huck for himself, but Pap endlessly harassed Huck for months. Widow warned Pap to stay away, but he decided to kidnap Huck and hold him in a cabin across the river. When Pap left the house to drink Huck was locked inside, and when he returned the boy was beaten. Huck was fed up and decided to fake his own death. He killed a pig and spreads its blood all over the cabin. He hid out on Jackson’s Island in the middle of the River and watched as people searched for his body. A few days later, Huck met Jim, one of Miss Watson’s runaway slaves. Despite Huck feeling in the wrong for helping a runaway slave, Jim and Huck teamed up as a great storm flooded the Mississippi. They found a house and raft floating past the island. When they looted the house, they discovered there was a man who had been shot inside. Although the island had been pleasurable, the boys were forced to leave because people from the mainland saw smoke coming from the island. If they weren’t careful they would soon be figured out. They decided to head for the free states so Jim could be freed. On the way to the Ohio River they had an encounter with a gang of robbers but ended up leaving with their money. On a foggy night, the boys miss the Ohio River and run into men looking for escaped slaves. Jim deceived the men, but shortly after a steamboat wrecked into the raft separating Huck and Jim. Jim and Huck were reunited with a fixed raft and continue down the river with two men they rescued from being tracked by armed bandits. The two men turned out to be major conmen and tried to trick the townspeople into thinking that they are two brothers that just received a major inheritance. Huck planned to expose the duke and dauphin but they escaped and make it back to the raft just in time to catch Jim and Huck setting sail once again. The two men commit the worst crime and sell Jim to a local farmer. The house where Jim is being kept turns out to be Tom Sawyer’s aunt and uncle. Tom and Huck started scheming and Huck pretends to be Tom while Tom pretends to be Sid, his younger brother. The boys ransacked Aunt Sally’s house and Tom was shot in the leg during the process. As the end of the story unfolds, it turns out Jim was a free man anyway. His owner, Miss Watson, had died two months earlier and in her will she claimed Jim a free man. Jim then told Huck that the man they saw that was shot in the head was Pap. Aunt Sally offers to adopt Huck and care for him, but Huck stated that he was going to head out west. Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn were two very diverse characters. Tom Sawyer was a leader; he was very obedient, and was full of imagination. Huckleberry Finn, on the other hand, was a social outcast but he was admired by all the children around him. Everyone wanted to have no rules or stabilization, and he was a mother’s worst nightmare. He did not have a good home to grow up in like Tom did and that was reflected through his rebellious actions. Huck grew up independent and down to earth. Tom had an extravagant imagination that he used when executing his adventures. The two boys transformed and truly learned to care for one another as the novels went on. In the beginning, Tom envied Huck for his independence and freedom. However towards the end Tom persuaded Huck to give up his free lifestyle and live a civilized life with Widow Douglas. One important similarity between the two books was the setting. St. Petersburg was inspired by Mark Twain’s own hometown of Hannibal. St. Petersburg was located right alongside of the Mississippi River about eighty miles from St. Louis. Hannibal and St. Petersburg are almost identical, with many caves and islands all around. Mark Twain grew up spending his time on the river just as the boys did in the books. This was an important aspect of the novels because it allowed Mark Twain to give a full, vivid, and detailed description of the setting. Also, having one setting for two books allows a reader to connect the books together and help unite them together as sequels. A major difference between the two novels was the point of view. Point of view is the lens in which the reader sees and experiences the story through. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was narrated by an omniscient narrator, known as third person point of view. It seemed that this narrator was looking back in time explaining what happened in Tom and Huck’s childhood. However, in Huckleberry Finn, the novel was narrated by Huck Finn himself. This allowed the reader to go deeper into Huck Finn’s life. The reader was able to grow a deeper understanding of what was happening inside Huck’s mind. Due to the differences in the novel, the reader is more likely to feel as if they have a deeper connection with Huck than Tom because they spend a whole novel experiencing his adventures with him. Dialect had a major impact on the novels, and added a whole new dimension to both stories. Because the novels were placed in Missouri, slang and Southern-style talk was heavily used. Mark Twain used this to his advantage using a heavy amount of dialogue. â€Å"It was kind of lazy and jolly, laying off comfortable all day, smoking and fishing, and no books nor study. † This quote from chapter six in Huckleberry Finn was stated by Huck himself. This one quote alone puts a strong impression on how Huck felt about structure in his life. The absence of proper English also shows his lack of schooling and also that he was a strong-minded Southern boy. â€Å"Oh, they just have a bully time – take ships, and burn them, and get the money and bury it in awful places in their island where there’s ghosts and things to watch, it, and kill everybody in the ships – make ‘em walk a plank. They don’t kill the women – they’re too noble. And the women’s always beautiful, too. † This quote from chapter thirteen in The Adventures of Tom Sawyers was stated by Tom. He was using his exuberated imagination to describe his thoughts on a pirate’s daily life. This quote along with the quote from Huckleberry Finn truly adds a deeper understanding of each character. Satire, humor, and light-hearted fun were common themes between the two novels. Mark Twain constantly made it possible for the reader to laugh at the silly pranks and antics the two young boys did together. â€Å"My sole idea was to make a comic capital of everything that I saw and heard. My object was not to tell the truth, but to make people laugh. † said MarkTwain. He found pleasure in writing novels that made the public laugh. His stories were not to be taken seriously, but to entertain his readers. This made his novels that much more enjoyable. The Adventures of Tom Sawyers and Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain will always be two of America’s greatest and most known novels. Mark Twain added a new dimension to writing. With his use of satire, dialect, and manipulation of point of view, he will be remembered a hundred more years from now. His novels are still making readers laugh today. Mark Twain made it possible for Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn’s adventures come to life on paper. These stories will forever be respected and never be forgotten. Work Cited Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Berkeley: University of California, 1982. Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: P. F. Collier amp; Sons, 1912. SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Adventures of Tom Sawyers† SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 20 May 2013. SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. 2002. Web. 20 May 2013. Mark Twain Biography. †Famous Biographies amp; TV Shows† A+E Television Networks, LLC. 28 May 2013.

Addiction Essay 4 Essay Example Essay Example

Addiction Essay 4 Essay Example Paper Addiction 4 Essay Introduction INTRODUCTION Addiction is a chronic disorder proposed to be precipitated by a combination of genetic, biological/pharmacological and social factors. Addiction is a compulsion to repeat a behavior regardless of its consequences (Webster, 2003). Addiction is often characterized by a craving for more of the drug or behavior, increased physiological tolerance to exposure, and withdrawal symptoms in the absence of the stimulus (NIDA, 2008). The purpose of this paper is to review a recently published book that focuses on family involvement in addiction. The book selected for this project was, â€Å"The Science of Addiction: From Neurobiology to Treatment† by Dr. Carlton (Carl) K. Erickson. Dr. Erickson is a research scientist studying the effects of alcohol on the brain for over 30 years. He received his Ph. D. degree in pharmacology from Purdue University in 1965 and taught and preformed research at The University of Kansas and The University of Texas since 1969. He presently is th e Pfizer Centennial Professor of Pharmacology and Director of the Addiction Science Research and Education Center in the College of Pharmacy at the University of Texas at Austin. Dr. Erickson is a published professional with over 150 scientific articles and co-authored multiple books on addiction and drug abuse. As a neuroscientist, he believes that addictions are neurochemical disorders. Although, in 1988 the United States Supreme Court declared alcoholism to be willful misconduct (Gerde, 2005), Dr. Erickson bases his belief on decades of comprehensive genetic and neurobiological research that provided evidence that addiction is a disease of the brain with genetic connection. Addiction 4 Essay Body Paragraphs He believes if the addiction is diagnosed early it can be treated successfully. Dr. Erickson is more than qualified to speak on the subject of addiction and any subtopics related to addition. Dr. Erickson’s book is written to a general audience and easy to understand. The book provides a clear and detailed overview of current neurobiological information and treatment programs for addiction based solely on science and provides a brief description of genetics. According to Dr. Erickson there have been possible causative genes identified. He emphasizes in his book that any treatment approach cannot rely on pharmacological solutions alone and that treatment must be individualized, but does not go into great detail. Although, he does refer to group, individual and family counseling his main focus is pharmaceutical treatment. The first chapter of the book clarifies the terminology used throughout the book. The next 7 chapters provide a crash course in the basics of the brain, the an atomy and neurobiology of addiction, genetics and pharmacology. Chapter 8 lists various treatment programs offered for the most widespread addictions to include several types of counseling methods and pharmaceutical treatments. Dr. Erickson focuses on addiction as a disease process and dismisses most psychological aspects of the addicted person, claiming the addicted person is not responsible for their condition. Dr. Erickson’s simply ignores other research and evidence that support a psychological bases for addiction. Although there has been no clear-cut cause identified for addiction, research has identified numerous factors as potential causes. Potential cause are everything from genetic, physiological, biochemical, social and prenatal factors to emotional conflicts, personality traits, learned behavior and stress. His treatment modalities focus on pharmacological treatments disregarding the psychological piece of prevention and treatment not to mention free will and moral responsibility. Scientific research supports addiction as a disease and also supports the idea that there are psychological factors present as potential causative factors as well as plays a significant role in prevention and treatment, (SAMSHA, 2004). According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) family does influence prevention and treatment. One of the individual factors related to successful prevention and treatment include motivation to change drug-using behavior and the degree of support from family and friends is crucial. It is important for the families to be part of treatment. They need to be referred to support groups designed to helping them understand their role is intertwined in the addiction. These groups will provide education about the disease in general and how they will assist in treatment. Although, Dr. Erickson has valid scientific research on the topic of addiction and his research is accepted in the medical community his treatment modalities lacks th e whole person concept. NIDA agrees addiction is a disease of the brain because addiction changes the brain’s structure and how the brain works. NIDA explains, the initial decision to indulge in addictive behavior is voluntary, but over time the individual’s ability to exert self control is seriously impaired. Dr. Erickson’s book implies the primary and only contributing factor to addictive behavior is genetic. This is in contrast to NIDA research. NIDA expresses that there are many factors contributing to an individual susceptibility in displaying addictive behavior range from physical make up to environmental influences. According to NIDA only about 40% of the total contributing factors are possibly genetic the rest is psychological, environmental and by choice. The influence of the home environment is in most cases a significant influence. Parents or older family members who abuse alcohol or drugs can increase an individual’s risk of developing their o wn addictive behaviors. NIDA does support the ideas that addiction is a treatable disease. With the discoveries in science and research there have been many advances in addictive treatment. Like other chronic diseases, addiction can be managed successfully. Research shows that combining medications with behavioral therapy is the best way to ensure success for most patients. NIDA and Dr. Erickson agree that treatment approaches must be tailored to address each individual, but differ on the appropriate care plan. Behavioral treatments are recognized by the medical community as an essential part of addiction treatment. Behavioral treatment assists in modifying an individual attitudes and behaviors related to their addiction and increasing their skills to handle stressful circumstances and environmental cues that may trigger intense craving and enhance the effectiveness of medications (SAMSHA, 2004). Getting an addicted person to stop is just one part of the treatment and recovery proce ss. Addiction has disrupted how they function in their family lives, at work and in the community. Because addiction can affect so many aspects of an individual’s life, treatment must address the needs of the entire individual to be successful. Treatment need to meet the individual’s medical, psychological, social, vocational, religious and legal needs (Capuzzi Stauffer, 2008). This is why the best programs incorporate a variety of services into their treatment program. Successful treatment programs across the U. S. include cognitive behavioral, group and family therapies as well as motivational incentives. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps individuals recognize, avoid, and cope with the situations in which they are most likely to fall into addictive behaviors. Motivational incentives use positive reinforcement such as providing rewards or rivileges for appropriate behaviors such as for attending and participating in counseling sessions, or for taking medications as prescribed. Group therapy helps individual face their addiction realistically and come to terms with its harmful consequences, and boost their motivation. Family therapy uses the family strength to assist the individual to find resources to continue in treatment (NIDA, 2008). Dr. Erickson is definitely a qualified professional in the field of addiction and has the credentials in his field of study. He is an accepted expert and member of the medical community. Although, Dr. Erickson’s book â€Å"The Science of Addiction: From Neurobiology to Treatment† has valid research and support from the medical community it has areas in conflict with the medical community as a whole in the area of contributing factors for addiction and treatment modalities. His research on the contributing factors for addiction is validated by the medical and research communities, but is lacking in the complete picture of addiction including other contributing factors such as environment, psycholog ical factors and treatment modalities other then pharmacological treatment. He does make some mention of counseling and therapy, but focuses mostly on pharmacological treatments and therapies. Dr. Erickson’s book did not add to or detract from the text used for this course. The information in Dr. Erickson’s book was straight forward and easy to follow, but could be misleading or misinterpreted simply by not including all factors related to the cause of addiction and treatment. His book was consistent with most other addiction research, but did not follow the line when it came to the whole person concept in causes and treatment. This could possibly be due to the fact that Dr. Erickson has a degree in pharmacology and is a Professor of Pharmacology. His views may be biased as a result of his profession. Although, Dr. Erickson has some differing views his research is valid and does provide useful information to base addiction research, prevention and treatment. Although, this book did not directly focus on family involvement in addition it did focus on the genetic link to addiction which is part of the theory linking family to the root of addictive behaviors. REFERENCES Capuzzi, D. Stauffer, M. (2008). Foundations of Addictions Counseling. Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ Erickson, C. (2007). The Science of Addiction: From Neurobiology to Treatment. W. W. Norton Company, Inc: New York, NY Gerde, L. (2005). Addiction : Opposing Viewpoints. Greenhaven: San Diego Ca Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 11th Edition (2003). Merriam-Webster: Springfield, MA NIDA (2008). The Science of Drug Abuse Addiction. Retrieved 10 August 2008, from http://www. drugabuse. gov// SAMSHA (October 4, 2004). Addiction Treatment Should Include Family Therapy Practical Guidelines for Counselors. Retrieved 15 August 2008, from www. samhsa. gov/ We will write a custom essay sample on Addiction Essay 4 Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Addiction Essay 4 Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Addiction Essay 4 Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Gauging the Effectiveness of Anti-war Activities essays

Gauging the Effectiveness of Anti-war Activities essays The Vietnam War leaves many dark legacies described in the superlatives: the most unpopular war, the most bombs dropped compared to all prior wars combined, the worst loss in U.S. military operation, and the list goes on. However, a legacy that is acutely palpable today as many Americans protest against the war in Iraq is the phobia about sending American troops abroad - otherwise known as the Vietnam syndrome. The Vietnam War is a black hole in U.S history that Americans do not want to revisit. This is evident through the U.S.s concentrated and decisive attacks during the Persian Gulf War in 1991 (perhaps soon to be Persian Gulf War I) that never eradicated the Saddam regime and its brief involvement in the Yugoslavia ethnic cleansing crises. Now, the possibility of war is near. The fear still resonating from Vietnam and the hope for peace prompt Americans to take a place in demonstrations. However, we must ask ourselves, how effective are protests and demonstrations in changing the minds, the policy of the people who ultimately decide the course of events and are resolute to do so by force? This is not to discredit the necessity of protests and demonstrations, but to question as to how one gauges the effectiveness of such actions. Deriving from the Oxford English Dictionary, to demonstrate is to publicly manifest an interest in public issues, usually taking the form of a procession or mass-meeting, and to protest is to express dissent or rejection of prevailing issues. During the Vietnam War, a distinction arose between these two concepts. Demonstration refers to a passive manifestation while protest refers to a more forceful one. However, the goal of these two activities is essentially the same: demanding a change in policy of a certain issue, which in the context of this essay is war. Various protests and demonstrations in history yielded different results. In the 1940s, the passive resistance against...

A Horror Show at the Cinemaplex Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A Horror Show at the Cinemaplex - Essay Example In terms of competition in the future, it may be noted that people living in larger cities are likely to gain access more quickly to film DVDs and sophisticated movie watching equipment which would pull them away from the theatres, while the smaller regional areas are likely to continue with their theatre activity for a much longer period. This leads to the inference that Regal and AMC may decide to shift their focus and compete for the smaller regional markets, to capture the higher numbers of the theatre going public. The other two exhibitors may opt to offer digital film viewing to enhance viewer experience. It must be noted however, that there is likely to be a decline in the business activity of all the four industry rivals and more and more movie goers tend to turn away from watching movies on big screens in favour of watching them at home on sophisticated TV and DVD systems with superior audio equipment. The other side of the coin is that competition among industry rivals coul d heat up more, as they compete fiercely for customers. Cinemark and Carmike could decide to consolidate their position and thereby offer stiffer competition to the two larger rivals; hence in a lean market, these industry players are likely to consider various business-savvy moves such as mergers and acquisitions in order to aggregate and consolidate the existing markets as they rapidly diminish and to improve their negotiation ability with studios. 2. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of each of the top four competitors' situations and strategic approaches. 2. The advantages of Regal’s strategy is focus on mid size markets using multi and mega plexes – this would ensure full occupancy and profit maximization. It is also the largest exhibitor in the United States, with 6335 screens and about 12 screens average per theatre, hence it has maximum access to film material to draw viewers in. The disadvantage is the high price, because at $7.43, it’s the highest among the leaders and consumers would be able to view the films for a lower price using other exhibitors. This factor would be especially relevant in recessionary times such as we have presently, because it could pull away many potential viewers to theatres operated by other exhibitors. Another disadvantage is that it has the highest costs per screen. AMC: This exhibitor operates 4585 screens but shows an average of 14 screens per theatre. This is the most significant advantage offered by this exhibitor because it provides consumers with maximum levels of variety in their film viewing. Another advantage this exhibitor has is the ability to pull in the crowds, because the theatres are located in densely populated, urban areas. They are not as expensive as Regal and for the major chunk of the viewing audience, i.e, the younger teen audiences, the greater variety and lower prices offer better options for a date or night out. AMC can also easily offer digital viewing, which would be yet another huge draw. The disadvantage is that because its audiences are mostly in urban areas, they are more likely to use alternative movie watching modes such as new audio equipment and DVDs which would reduce theatre going altogether. Another disadvantage is the high cost per screen Cinemark: One of its advantages is that it serves specifically targeted smaller markets Sole theatre chain for those markets Lowest average ticket price compared to other

Music Buisness Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Music Buisness Plan - Assignment Example For profit entities major stakeholders include customers and investors while in non-profit entities key stakeholders are donors. On the other hand, business plans that are internally focused embark on attaining intermediate goals so as to reach external objectives. Company description Due to the increased need by individuals to engage in health maintenance programs offered by various SPA centers, my Idea is to establish a music company that will ensure adequate relaxation and enjoyment with the SPA centers. On the Beat Company (OBC) will embark on producing Rhythm and Blues (R&B) music. In this way, the company aims at providing various genre of music that make up the contemporary (R&B) music that includes funks among others. In this way, the company targets both the old and young clients who visit the centers. To expand its capital base, OBC will operate as a limited company. In this way, it will attract more investors who will be focused at contributing a significant capital to rec eive high dividends. OBC mission statement is to provide high quality entertainment that will ensure it capitalize on the expanding music industry across the world. Product and services As mentioned earlier, OBC embark on producing (R&B) music. Do to the high demand of this type of music especially among the young people, the company is focused at expanding its sources of revenue by engaging in various income generating activities that are related to the music industry as outlined in this section. Ringtones OBC will provide an opportunity to ensure that our customers can subscribe for ringtones in monthly bases. Each ringtone will cost US$1. With the partnership of a local mobile company, OBC will provide a framework that will streamline the sharing of profits generated by the monthly subscriptions from our customers. Based on the high number of our customers who owns mobile phones, OBC will generate a significant amount of funds that will enhance our expansion. Selling of albums In order to ensure that our customers can regularly enjoy our services in the health centers and back in their homes, OBC will also embark on selling its albums in the local and international market. Selling and loading of flash disks In the contemporary world, individuals who possess computers like to listen to a wide range of music while undertaking their duties. In this regard, OBC will embark on selling flash disks to our clients and then loading them with music at a fee. In order to attain a competitive advantage, OBC will utilize mobile phones, Ipods and social sites such as twitter and face book to communicate with our customers. As the number of clients who visit the SPA centers increase day by day, we expect our customer base to expand thus increasing our total sales. Marketing plan The new technology in the music industry has resulted into a stiff competition that has forced many companies to depart from the traditional lines that created divisions among the artists and reco rding companies among other stakeholders. In the same way, the growth of music companies has been enhanced as a result of extensive marketing and promotional strategies through free services such as you tube, face book and twitter. One of

Write about a time you felt like a stranger in a village Essay

Write about a time you felt like a stranger in a village - Essay Example He had brought with him not only the exterior changes vis-Ã  -vis new dress style but also the baggage of modernity where technology was fast replacing the personal touch. My friend was now smartly dressed in branded jeans and shoes that had brought the envy of youngsters. Lifestyle changes within him were also reflected in his way of interacting with his elders and old friends who had remained in the village. He did not like to discuss the farming problems nor was interested in playing with his old mates. He found those activities subservient to his new status; he was now a respected scholar; he was destined for higher things in life and not for the mundane life of a villager. His laptop had become more important for him than talking with his parents, friends and village elders who were looking forward to his return. So it was not surprising that soon, the rest of the villagers started treated him as stranger and he indeed started feeling like a

The United States Relations With Pakistan And India Politics Essay

The United States Relations With Pakistan And India Politics Essay Realism has made the United States building its policies toward South Asia. Since the end of Cold War, the United States and India actively improving relations with each other, meanwhile the importance of Pakistan and the United States declined. Since the Kashmir incidence between India and Pakistan, both countries remain in tension and conflict. When the United States administrations decided to focus its partnership toward India, it resulted on the growing distance relationship between the United States with Pakistan, but the September 11 attacks suddenly restored Pakistan strategic importance to Washington. With the new strategies, the United States has to balance its policies toward India and Pakistan. ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK Realism has been the dominant theory of foreign affairs since the concept of international relations theory.  [1]  The universal goals of realism are security and power, with the key concept of power and interest. Realism assumes that its key concept of interest defined as power is an objective category which is universally valid, but it does not endow that concept with a meaning that is fixed once and for all. The idea of interest is indeed of the essence of politics and is unaffected by the circumstances of time and place.  [2]   The United States realists would focus on strengthening security ties in Asia and work to establish clearer threshold with the growing power Chinas leadership. The United States administration has moved in this direction, as represented by the strategic partnership with India and the recent pivot to Asia.  [3]  Realists stated that there is no eternal friend or eternal enemy, only eternal national interest. The U.S. eternal interest is to preclude a hostile power from dominating Europe or Asia. In order to maintain that interest the United States built a global alliance system to contain the Soviet Union during the Cold War era, and wanted India, the dominant state in South Asia to join it.  [4]   THE UNITED STATES RELATIONS WITH PAKISTAN AND INDIA In a security alliance since 2004 and strategic partners since 2006, the United States and Pakistan for decades experienced major shifts in the nature and tone of their relations. In the post-9/11 period, assisting in the creation of a more stable, democratic, and prosperous Pakistan actively combating religious militancy has been among the most important U.S. foreign policy efforts. Vital U.S. interests are seen to be at stake in its engagement with Pakistan related to regional and global terrorism; efforts to stabilize neighboring Afghanistan; nuclear weapons proliferation; links between Pakistan and indigenous American terrorism; Pakistan-India tensions and conflict; democratization and human rights protection; and economic development. As a haven for numerous terrorist groups, and as the worlds most rapid proliferator of nuclear weapons, Pakistan presents a combination that places it at the top of many governments international security agendas.  [5]   India, the regions dominant actor with more than one billion citizens, is often characterized as a major power and partner of the United States and counterbalance for Chinas growing power. Washington and New Delhi have since 2004 been pursuing a strategic partnership based on shared values such as democracy, pluralism, and rule of law. Numerous economic, security, and global initiatives, including plans for full civilian nuclear energy cooperation is underway. This latter initiative, launched by President Bush in July 2005 and provisionally endorsed by the 109th Congress in 2006 (P.L. 109-401, the Hyde Act), would reverse three decades of U.S. nonproliferation policy. It requires, among other steps, a Joint Resolution of Approval by Congress. Also in 2005, the United States and India signed a ten-year defense framework agreement that calls for expanding bilateral security cooperation. Since 2002, the two countries have engaged in numerous combined military exercises. Major U.S. arms sales to India are planned.  [6]   Further U.S. interest in South Asia focuses on ongoing tensions between India and Pakistan rooted in unfinished business from the 1947 Partition, competing claims to the Kashmir region, and, in more recent years, cross-border terrorism in both Kashmir and major Indian cities. In the interests of regional stability, the United States strongly encourages an ongoing India-Pakistan peace initiative and remains concerned about the potential for conflict over Kashmir sovereignty to cause open hostilities between these two nuclear-armed countries. Both India and Pakistan have resisted external pressure to sign the major nonproliferation nuclear weapon treaties. In 1998, the two countries conducted nuclear tests that evoked international condemnation. Proliferation-related restrictions on U.S. aid were triggered, and then later lifted through congressional-executive cooperation from 1998 to 2000. Remaining sanctions on India and Pakistan were removed in late 2001.  [7]   THE UNITED STATES POLICIES TOWARD PAKISTAN Most of the United States policies in Pakistan emphasize a security-oriented approach that could risk derailing trends by eliciting even stronger anti-American nationalism among the Pakistani people.  [8]  The policies are as follows: Pressure counterterrorism on Pakistan. In May 2012, The Security of State Clinton requested more Pakistan efforts to clear its territory of terrorist sanctuaries. U.S. officials remained acutely concerned about the apparent impunity with which Pakistan-based extremist and militant groups are able to act.  [9]   Weaken U.S. Pakistan relationship to strengthen U.S. India relationship. This issue made Pakistan more reliant on its partnership with China, also in response to this issue, Pakistan actively improved its nuclear weapons. Leahy amendment provisions by withholding train and equip funding for several Pakistani army units.  [10]   According to the U.S. Department of State, the overall human rights situation in Pakistan remains poor, and that lack of government accountability remains a pervasive problem; abuses often go unpunished, fostering a culture of impunity.  [11]   Foreign assistance and coalition support reimbursement.  [12]   Pakistan is among the leading recipients of U.S. aid in the post-9/11 period, having been appropriated about $24 billion in assistance and military reimbursements since 2001. By the end of 2011, the U.S. Congress had appropriated more than $8.3 billion in development and humanitarian aid, and nearly $7 billion for security-related programs over ten years.  [13]   THE UNITED STATES POLICIES TOWARD INDIA The United States experienced challenges in maintaining its relations with India to manage disagreements on five potentially divisive strategic issues: Afghanistan-Pakistan strategy, China policy, arms control, climate change, and high-technology cooperation. The Obamas administration policies adopted to solve the issues listed as follows: Deploy 30,000 additional troops to Afghanistan should reassure those Indians who view the fight there as a test of U.S. staying power in South Asia.  [14]   Devote increasing time and energy to cultivate the U.S.-Chinese relationship. Indians are asking whether Washington envisions a role for India in maintaining a balance of power in Asia, or whether the Obama administration views India as tangential to U.S. priorities there.  [15]   Renew U.S. efforts to ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). If China wants to do so, too, India will be pressured to follow suit, even it is unlikely.  [16]   India is the worlds fourth-largest emitter of greenhouse gases. Both Washington and New Delhi support investment in green technologies, but internationally mandated and monitored emissions reductions are political problem in India, where they are often seen as a drag on growth and an affront to Indian sovereignty.  [17]   The United States emphasis on national security export controls and intellectual property protection has excessively restricted licenses and transfers.  [18]   India remained on the U.S. Special 301 Priority Watch List in 2011 for failing to provide an adequate level of IPR protection or enforcement, or market access for persons relying on intellectual property protection.  [19]  Moreover, since 1998, a number of Indian entities have been subjected to case-by-case licensing requirements and appear on the U.S. export control Entity List of foreign end users involved in weapons proliferation activities.  [20]   RECOMMENDATION The U.S. military aid has done little to stem Islamist militancy in Pakistan and may even hinder that countrys economic and political development. For that reason, Indonesia should voice its disagreement to this policy. The United States policy should have been targeting effective nonmilitary aid, perhaps especially that which would strengthen Pakistans civil society such as nonproliferation, governance, economic growth, and also support Pakistan initiatives that could promote its regional stability. The United States and India share important interests: both seek to restore global growth, protect the global commons, enhance global energy security, and ensure a balance of power in Asia. Indonesia administration could recommend enhancing the level of transparency in their relationship. Closer cooperation such as on counterterrorism would mean closer coordination on developments regarding Pakistan as well. They must therefore increase the scope, quality, and intensity of their cooperation at every level. Some of other United States policies in the South Asia are based on Washington strategic interest, but if Obamas policies able to ease the tension between India and Pakistan; Indonesia administration might support them, having acknowledge that the war can lead to nuclear war. CONCLUSION History shows that the relations between The United States with India and Pakistan have been based strictly on military and economic support.  [21]  Strategic interest has been the most important factor for U.S. policy toward South Asia. The policy has been a part of a U.S strategy to prevent external power from dominating Asia. From the U.S. perspective, the Soviet Union was that power in the Cold War era, and China emerges as the most likely candidate for the power in the post-Cold War era. The United States failed to change India and Pakistan nuclear policy and decided to lift part of the sanctions. President George Bush administration at first treated India as a focus of relations in South Asia, but the September 11th attacks restored Pakistans importance to the United States. In order to win the support of India and Pakistan for anti-terrorism, the United States lifted all the sanctions against them, provided Pakistan with loans and strengthened military cooperation with Pakistan. Due to terrorist actions in India, tensions between India and Pakistan repeatedly flared up. The United States had to step in, to evade the escalations that might become war, or even more nuclear war. But the United States is unable to help solve the Kashmir dispute. As long as the United States still see China as the threat to its global power, they will treat India as its partner in South Asia. As long as the anti-terrorist campaign continues and the Afghanistans conditions established, the United States will need Pakistans cooperation; hence the United States will try to maintain its current policies toward India and Pakistan.

Influence of Mass Media :: Media

"People are more influenced by mass media than they think. What evidence is there to support this statement?" By Mass Media I mean 'the whole body of media reaching large numbers of public' the major ones being newspapers, television and the Internet. The main purposes of mass media are to provide information, entertainment and advertisement. In this essay I will discuss the influence that Mass Media has in the general public and give the evidence to support the statement "People are more influenced by mass media than they think.…". The history of mass media can be said that started from the ancient Greece. Philosophers, generals and politicians of the ancient Society discuss issues and after spread to the public by the use of word of mouth. The ancient Greek Drama and poetry can be considered as a form of mass media, communicates a message to the society. In other words since the early years people has always being influenced by Mass Media. In today's world people cannot live without Mass Media and with the help of technological improvements to send messages to the masses is becoming easier and easier. As we are been shower with tons of advertising, information and other sort of materials by the different types of Mass Media has influence in our everyday life styles. Newspapers are typically daily or weekly publication that contains news and opinion of current events, featuring articles, and advertising. By fact ‘there are now about 9000 daily newspapers around the world.' Therefore newspapers reach a wide audience worldwide, which is why newspaper is a type of Mass Media. The newspapers are an incredible influence tool in society; they can easily turn on people emotions in favor or against an issue or something. This is because we as readers tend to believe everything that is written in the newspaper even do it might be the wrong information. We can take the case around 12 years ago of the murder of James Bulger by Robert Thompson and Jon Venables, the British press had alleged that the kids were influence to commit such an act because of a spiteful video that they had watched, at the end the end they two kinds had not seen that video. What does this tell us about the newspapers? They mislead information that goes to the public which immediately influences the public to react, in this case the parent of kids prosecute the media that had influence their kids, but they don't know that the same media is influencing them to do act that way.

Ancient Rome Essay

†¢ It is not acceptable to simply say â€Å"the two civilizations were similar and different† – specify specifically how they are similar and different †¢ Possible Prompt: Analyze similarities and differences in techniques of imperial administration in TWO of the following empires. – Han China (206 B. C. E. –220 C. E. ) – Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B. C. E. –550 C. E. ) – Imperial Rome (31 B. C. E. –476 C. E. )Example †¢ The political system of Han China is similar to the Guptan Empire in that both included strict laws and stressed the importance of your role in society. A major difference between these administrations is that in Han China the king was fully in charge, even revered, while in the Mauryan/Guptan Empire priests were at the top of the hierarchy. Example †¢ The imperial administration of Han China and Imperial Rome were similar because they were both headed by an emperor. However, they differed in their treatment of the emperor. In Han China a ruler’s decisions, if detrimental to society, could be questioned. While in Rome, what the emperor decreed could not be questioned. What do I need for my thesis? †¢ You must address 1 specific similarity and 1 specific difference. †¢ i. e. Both the Empires of China and Rome were ruled by an emperor who maintained imperial control, however, the Chinese instituted a system of scholar bureaucrats that gained their position through merit, while the Romans never achieved such an elaborate bureaucracy. What is a direct comparison? †¢ This is a comparison that is not split between paragraphs or by other sentences. It must be one or two sentences that compare one subject of the comparison to another. †¢ Your comparisons should be supported by evidence to support your statement. Example Direct Comparison: While both the Roman and Han (or Gupta) Empires left behind many achievements, the Han (or Gupta) were much more technologically and culturally creative. Evidence: – The Romans took much of their culture from the Greeks, such as their religion, artwork and architecture. – While the Romans had aqueducts, roads and other great works, much of this was taken from others and improved upon. The Gupta on the other hand came up with the concept of zero and a base 10 number system that is still in use today. – The Romans relied on slavery for their source of labor, while the Chinese relied upon free peasants. This led to technological stagnation on the part of the Romans, while the Chinese were able to (insert pieces of specific evidence here). What is analysis? †¢ This is where you explain why. †¢ You tell the reader what caused this similarity or difference to occur. †¢ This is usually a because sentence and the most difficult part of the comparison essay. †¢ The reason that the Guptan bureaucracy was never as elaborate as that of the Chinese was because†¦. 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Right Brain, Left Brain Essays - Cerebrum, Neuroscience, Free Essays

Right Brain, Left Brain Essays - Cerebrum, Neuroscience, Free Essays Right Brain, Left Brain Psychology The article in which I chose to examine is called Right Brain, Left Brain: Fact and Fiction, written by Jerre Levy. In the past fifteen years or so there has been a lot of talk of left brain and right brain people. Levy's reason for righting this article was clearly to stop the misconceptions and show the truth about how our brain hemispheres operate. Levy first explores the myth of the left brain and right brain theory. She states that generally people see the left hemisphere of the brain controlling logic and language and the right, creativity and intuition. In addition people differ in their styles of thought, depending on which half of the brain is dominant. She believes that most of what these notions state is farce. Next the article explores the history of this fascination of the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Apparently the study of this aspect of the brain traces back to time of Hippocrates. Levy weaves in and out of the various theories and prominent people known for contributing to the confusion. It wasn't until 1962 when Roger W. Sperry began experimenting on certain aspects of the brain that contribute to the truth of the left and right brain theory. Sperry studied people who had undergone surgical division of the corpus callosum, the bridge between the two hemispheres. His studies showed that, "an object placed in the right hand (left hemisphere) could be named readily, but one placed in the left hand (nonverbal right hemisphere) could be neither named nor described. Next to branch off of Sperry's studies was psychologist Doreen Kimura. Kimura developed behavioral methods which involved presenting visual stimuli rapidly to either the left or right visual fields. Another important method developed was "dichotic listening" which centered around the use of sound to study the hemispheres. Through these tests and the continual study the theory that the left brain controlled ended. Instead a new theory was born known as the two-brain theory. This said that at different times one of the two hemispheres would be operating. An example of this is that the right hemisphere is in control when an artist paints but the left hemisphere was in control when a novelist wrote a book. This theory failed because of one physical studies showed that people with hemispheres surgically disconnected could operate in everyday life. Also, research demonstrated that each hemisphere had its own functional expertise, and that the two halves were complementary. Next, the article states its worth. The author shows the up to date agreed upon theory of the two hemispheres in five simple points. 1. The two hemispheres are so similar that when they are disconnected by split-brain surgery, each can function remarkably well, although quite imperfectly 2. Although they are remarkably similar they are also different. The differences are seen in contrasting contributions. Each hemisphere contributes something to every action a person takes. 3. Logic is not confined to the left hemisphere. Although dominant in the left logic is present in the right hemisphere. 4. There is no evidence that either creativity or intuition is an exclusive property of the right hemisphere. Same theory as #3. 5. Since the two hemispheres do not function independently, and since each hemisphere contributes its special capacities to all cognitive activities, it is quite impossible to educate one hemisphere at a time in a normal brain. Levy comes to the conclusion that people are not purely left or right brained. There is a continuum in which the hemispheres work together in harmony. Often the left or right hemisphere is more active in some people but it is never the sole operator. She concludes, "We have a single brain that generates a single mental self." Compared to what we did in class related to the left and right hemispheres of the brain, both what we learned and the article taught were extremely similar. Our exercise showed that we are not left or right brained but merely somewhere on the scale between left and right brain. Some of us were extreme left, few extreme right and most in the middle leaning left a bit (this is where I fell). I could not agree more with what we did in class and the article I

Free Essays on Still I Rise

Maya Angelou: Still I Rise Maya Angelo was quoted in an article in Essence: African American Politicians Interviews, as saying â€Å" The power that I have first comes directly from being a descendent of people whose powerful history makes me humble. I would like to think that if I had been born anything other than black and other than a black American women, that I had done something wrong in a former life and God was making me pay for it.† The power of the poem â€Å"Still I Rise† is derived from Maya Angelou’s powerful sense of humility (not modesty) of who she is and glorifying in it. Angelou was born April 14, 1928 as Marguerite Johnson in St Louis, MO but was raised in segregated rural Arkansas. She was raped at the age of eight, and was an unwed mother by the time she was 16 years old. In spite of a tragic beginning she has still managed to become a poet, a author, a historian, a actress, a playwright, a civil-rights activist, a producer, and a director. She began her career in dram a and dance and in 1993 she wrote and delivered the presidential inauguration for President Bill Clinton. She is also fluent in English, French, Spanish, Italian, and West African Fanti. Several types of emotions are conveyed through Angelou’s poem and knowing something about Angelou’s life can help one to understand her poetry. Having survived many hardships she brings those feeling of jubilation and fear to her literary work. She is open and honest about her emotions and easily passes this feeling and thoughts to her readers. â€Å"Still I Rise† is a poem written in free verse with predominately four lines stanza’s. The language is simple and easy to understand. It doesn’t have any rhyme or rhythm, however it does use figurative language throughout the poem. For instance stanza two â€Å" ‘Cause I walk like I’ve got oil well pumping in my living room?†. Or stanza four â€Å" Shoulder falling down like teardrops. weakened by my soulful ... Free Essays on Still I Rise Free Essays on Still I Rise Maya Angelou: Still I Rise Maya Angelo was quoted in an article in Essence: African American Politicians Interviews, as saying â€Å" The power that I have first comes directly from being a descendent of people whose powerful history makes me humble. I would like to think that if I had been born anything other than black and other than a black American women, that I had done something wrong in a former life and God was making me pay for it.† The power of the poem â€Å"Still I Rise† is derived from Maya Angelou’s powerful sense of humility (not modesty) of who she is and glorifying in it. Angelou was born April 14, 1928 as Marguerite Johnson in St Louis, MO but was raised in segregated rural Arkansas. She was raped at the age of eight, and was an unwed mother by the time she was 16 years old. In spite of a tragic beginning she has still managed to become a poet, a author, a historian, a actress, a playwright, a civil-rights activist, a producer, and a director. She began her career in dram a and dance and in 1993 she wrote and delivered the presidential inauguration for President Bill Clinton. She is also fluent in English, French, Spanish, Italian, and West African Fanti. Several types of emotions are conveyed through Angelou’s poem and knowing something about Angelou’s life can help one to understand her poetry. Having survived many hardships she brings those feeling of jubilation and fear to her literary work. She is open and honest about her emotions and easily passes this feeling and thoughts to her readers. â€Å"Still I Rise† is a poem written in free verse with predominately four lines stanza’s. The language is simple and easy to understand. It doesn’t have any rhyme or rhythm, however it does use figurative language throughout the poem. For instance stanza two â€Å" ‘Cause I walk like I’ve got oil well pumping in my living room?†. Or stanza four â€Å" Shoulder falling down like teardrops. weakened by my soulful ...

Market and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market and Society - Essay Example As such, there are various forms of capitalism, which includes state capitalism, welfare capitalism and laissez-faire (Bowles 2007, p. 41). Through the historical accounts, it is said that capitalism came into existence following the fall of feudal system and this explains its dominance in the western world in the earlier times, and now. Capitalism in this regard has been applied over a period in different geographical areas that embrace different cultures with varied political approaches (Ingham 2008, p. 34). Work in the Category of Economy in the Capitalist World In this case, work also referred to as labor, should be of significance purpose to the economy; it should be able to have a positive effect on the economic status of the society. This also explains why in the capitalist countries, there have been many endeavors to manage the labor so that the efficiency of their input can be maximized in the total output that is achieved. As explained above, capitalism is driven by the amo unt of profit, which interprets that in capitalism, work should be such that it maximizes profit for the company and should be exploited as possible for making profit be realized in the maximum possible way (Merino 2010, p. 63). Labor therefore play a major role in the capitalism economy; their purpose, and viability has to be established, as this will help in quantifying the output from every department and comparing it with the cost of hiring the labor and decide whether it is economically sound. To further explain the importance of work in capitalism, reference is made to the industrial revolution when there were many people involved in the production sector. During the industrial revolution, there were several raw materials for industrial productions that were obtained from agrarian revolution that was characterized by increased production from the farms. The western countries particularly wanted to maximize the opportunity by increasing the volume of work force and the hours in which the employees would work in a day (Silk and Mark 1996, p. 53). It will also be remembered that there were rampant child labor that was incorporated into the system to supplement labor requirement. The extent with which work was considered in the industrial revolution, which happened to have been facilitated by the capitalist, explains the rationale behind the consideration of work in capitalist system. There is a strong belief that work and economy goes together and in most cases, economy is considered a function of work and this provides adequate explanation for the situation that was presented during industrial revolution in the western countries. Work Categorized as a Moral in Capitalism With the view of capitalism considering work as a fundamental part of production for the economy to be driven, there are several ways through which work has been considered. The issue of management is geared towards the satisfaction the human resource such that they can be motivated and be enthusiastic to work for more production to be realized (Reich 1991, p. 66). In the management, several incentives are availed to the employees to enhance their efficiencies in performance and the relationship between the employee and the employer is expected to be symbiotic. This can be construed from the principal goal of the management of the human resource; a complete maximum prosperity from the employer and the employee is expected to exist. The use of ‘

Sexuality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sexuality - Research Paper Example But, it is impossible to correctly draw the margin that divides poor from the privileged class. People below a given line of income may be called poor. Many analysts have argued that it is impossible to adjust the poverty threshold over long periods of time using the inflation rate (Consumer Price Index) but that the poverty measure must be reformulated from scratch every so often since what is a necessity’ changes from period to period, from society to society (Hobjin, 2002). According to G. Duncan â€Å"economic conditions in early childhood clearly matter the most and that income effects are nonlinear, with the largest impact associated with increments to very low incomes†. He further states that complete schooling and no marital childbearing are related to parental income during early and middle childhood. This disadvantage suffered by the children of the poor can be overcome if they are given a compulsory education by concerning authorities. Moreover, education should be job oriented. A person could study in an elementary school and still get the right kind of education to help him with his job. The child’s potential should be evaluated and given the kind of education that is suitable to him. If the children of the poor people get the right kind of career oriented education then it will help them in the long run. The poor may not be able to support their kids for higher education. They would need them to help support the family. Hence, t he children of the poor should be given basic education that encompasses trade knowledge. This would benefit the students into becoming a better grade laborer who earns more than his peers. Every human has the right to basic education. It helps get an honest job that produces a decent income necessary to run a family.

Topic Developement 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topic Developement 3 - Essay Example Therefore, this study will attempt to answer the following questions: i. What is the legal definition of bankruptcy and what are the causes and consequences of bankruptcy? ii. What are the various forms of bankruptcy and what are the legal procedures applicable in declaring a company bankrupt? iii. What is the chronological evolution of bankruptcy in the USA? iv. What are the tendencies and signs pointing to bankruptcy of a company and what are the technical financial details of bankruptcy? v. How can bankruptcy be mitigated and what is the role played by other disciplines such as psychology and management in mitigating the effects of bankruptcy? Through answering these questions, it will be possible to thoroughly cover the concept of bankruptcy, right from its evolution to the current state, highlighting the tendencies and the signs indicating that a company is headed for bankruptcy, as well as addressing how the state of bankruptcy can be mitigated. Additionally, the role of certai n disciplines in addressing bankruptcy will be evaluated, to create an understanding of the interrelationships between various disciplines. This study will take the form of qualitative research design, where the historical background of bankruptcy will be analyzed, with a view to understanding the chronological changes in bankruptcy laws, up to the current laws applicable. The study will also take the form of a case study, where it will analyze the historical bankruptcy of certain companies in the USA. The focus of this analysis will be an inquiry into the causes of the bankruptcy, what laws and legal procedures were applied to declare those companies bankrupt and what were the consequences of the declaration of bankruptcy to the company and to tits stakeholders. Further, the study will engage in probing the attempts made by various companies to revive themselves from the state of bankruptcy, and how successful their strategies were, to revive the companies. The study will also enga ge in comparing bankruptcy for different companies, evaluating how such companies addressed the issue of bankruptcy and determining which companies were successful and which ones were not. In so doing, it will be possible to determine the most appropriate strategies that are applicable in addressing the issue of bankruptcy for companies. Additionally, the role of various disciplines such as psychology and management in helping the companies address their state of bankruptcy will be analyzed, with a focus to understanding the relationship between the concept of business, management and psychology. This will be followed by recommendations on how companies can address bankruptcy, based on the success factors identifiable under different company case studies. The effect of bankruptcy in the economy is yet another focus of this study. Bankruptcy offers an individual or an organization the opportunity to start afresh, through forgiving the debts that cannot be paid and strategizing on the way forward (Ekvall & Smiley, 2007). Additionally, the declaration of bankruptcy gives the creditors an opportunity to measure the extent of their debt repayment, based on the assets of the organization that are available. This way, the declaration of bankruptcy is beneficial to the economy, since it serves to untie and set free the resources held by the redundant business, which are then re-invested into the economy with much vigor (Ekvall & Smiley,

Health Promotion Among the Homeless Essay Example for Free

Health Promotion Among the Homeless Essay As the economy changes, so does the availability of services, goods and money for many every individual. For those individuals who are already struggling with some type of issue such as a decrease in hours worked, wage, disability, domestic violence etc. these changes affect them in a much more severe context. For those who become or are homeless, health care may not be the first thing to take care of on their daily tasks list. Other things like eating, finding safe shelter and not getting arrested are of the most importance. However as many contract health related diseases such as tuberculosis, diabetes, scabies, influenza, etc. health care becomes of concern and a necessity in order to maintain a way of life. Health promotion among the homeless community is not only important but needed. Health promotion can be effective with the appropriate intervention methods, professional staff and the continuous availability of services and goods offered to the community. The National Coalition for the Homeless (2009) noted that the Census Bureau calculated that 45. million Americans did not have health insurance in 2007 and out of this 45. 7 million uninsured individuals, 8. 1 million children in the United States were without health insurance. Homelessness and lack of health care are positively related and having no health insurance at all can itself alone cause homelessness. According to the National Coalition for the Homeless (2009), half of all personal bankruptcies in the United States in 2008 were due to hea lth related problems. The most important fact to remember when promotion health to this community is that they have little to no money, experience embarrassment, nervousness and/or may become offended and may not appear as if they need help but may or may not be mentally ill. These three things are not only considered barriers to the community when trying to receive health care but they are also barriers to the medical professionals who are not properly educated on how to show discretion and privacy for each homeless individual. Other relevant barriers include the lack of knowledge about where to get treated, lack of transportation and health care costs. To overcome these barriers, medical health professionals must be adequately educated on this community and any new developments within this community as well. Also affordable transportation and public assistance must be indiscriminately made available to this population. One of the biggest ways to break these barriers is to create and increase public health funding for this population. There is one federally funded program, Health Care for the Homeless, which provides health care for homeless persons. These services include but are not limited to substance abuse services, emergency care and public housing assistance. Also providing dental and mental health care in most areas, this federally funded program creates a standard by which other programs created should be based off of and also provides a foundation to for other programs needed to assist this growing population. Poor health in the homeless community has an effect on society. Homelessness impacts the community in the following ways: economically, politically, legally and physically. As the number of unhealthy homeless individuals increase, the cost of maintaining and operating health facilities and service programs that cater to this population increases. Taxpayers fund these programs and services with the help of private donations. When the homeless do not seek out these federally funded or privately funded services and programs, they seek another method of obtaining money and/or services by panhandling or stealing, this creates a legal problem. Also for those individuals who do not go to a shelter or place to eat, they must find food and typically they do this through garbage cans and recyclable places. This action creates health issues which causes this epidemic to continue. As there are those businesses that may deny the homeless individual to bathe or clean themselves properly, he/she may go days without proper hygiene care causing another more health problems such as scabies or other bodily infections. In conclusion, homeless individuals have the human and legal right to access public information and health services provided to every other human being. It is the writer’s opinion that a portion of the tax payer’s dollar should be spent to provide health insurance and health care to those that are homeless to a certain extent. The writer believes that each homeless individual should receive an annual checkup that includes mental, dental and physical services. For those taxpayers who make above a certain income range should be required to pay more of a percentage of services needed after the initial appointment. The writer believes that homeless individuals deserve the same amount of care as those who are not homeless deserve. Health issues in the homeless community are ones that can be solved with constant interventions and involvement at the community level.